Ed's very brief Whaling Primer ...


Whaling was pretty brutal: In the early days it was brutal for the whalers. Later, for the whales.

This image shows a Yankee whaleboat being tossed by probably a Sperm Whale fluke. I believe this was originally a photograph. I got it from a site back east, one of the aquariums or museums. I'll put that link in when I get a chance.

The Americans invented hunting whales from big boats when some guy figured he could boil blubber at sea. It started on sailing vessels in the late 1700's, and the main target was the Sperm Whale.

These boats would go out for years at a time. Sailing around the world, looking for whales so they could fill up barrels with oil and take them back to Nantucket. Read Mellville's Moby Dick. It's one of the best references on this period of whaling
 

BC Whaling


While the Yankee whalers took their fair share of whales, and had a significant effect on the populations of sperm and right whales, the real heavy hitting started with steam power and exploding harpoons. This lead to factory ships and the severe over-exploitation of whale populations worldwide. The Antarctic and the North Pacific were the last spots scoured for whales prior to the moratorium on whaling issued by the IWC in 1983 (give or take a year or two ... I'll check).

This photograph is from an article by Gordon Pike in the Canadian Geographical Journal. Pike started his career at DFO as a junior biologist responsible for overseeing operations by the coastal whaling stations that operated in BC between 1905 and 1967.

Canada never had  a pelagic whale fishery. But land based whaling stations operated on both coasts at the turn of the century. These stations operated with catcher boats that went out for days at a time, and brought the kills back to land stations for processing. The east coast whale fishery was already experiencing a shortage of animals and many stations were closing down when the first station opened in BC in 1905 at Sechart, in Barkley Sound.

At the peak of BC whaling, there were 12 (I think, again, I'll check) catcher boats operating from 3 different stations. The heydays were all over by the 1930's. When whaling resumed after the Second World War, whales were already becoming scarce. The final chapter was written at Coal Harbour, in Quatsino Sound, the location of the last whaling station in the Pacific Northwest that operated between 1948 and 1967.
 
 
 

Two really good books on the history of BC whaling (soon to be on the reference list).
 

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